Electric-circuit-controlling mechanism.



I. B. wANTz ELECTRIC CIRCUIT CONTROLLING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED IUIIEA. I9I4.

1 ,272,879. Patented July16, 1918.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

lnvnIov': JIIus B. \Nan'Iz RHornexs,

J. B. WANTZ.

. CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC SM.

- APPLICATION men JUNE 4. 1914. 1,272,879. Patented h11y16;1918.v z sssssssssss T 's.

F LG. 3 .7

l a K 7a iii.

Y J. B. WANTZ.

memo cmcun commune MECHANISM.

APPLICATION III-ED JUNE 4.1914. Patented July .16, 1918..

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

FIG!

Inventor: Juh'us B. \Nahrz, /'I I 1 H fnorneys.

1. B'. WANTZ. memo cmcun' cpmoume MECHANISM.

'APPLICATION I 'ILED JUNE 4. I914.

- Patented July 16, 1918.

1' SHEETS-SHEET}.

Witness Inventor.

Juh s B. \Nanrz,

1, B. WANTZ. ELECTRIC cmcunconjaoume MECHANISM.

API HCATION FILED JUNE 4. I914- Patented Jul -16, 1918.

1 suns-sun '6.

inventor:

RH ornex a,

JULIUS B. WANTZ, OF CHICAGO,

* UNITED srarns PATENT orricn.

rumors, assronon, BY mnsm: Assrcnmnms, TO

.VICTOR ELECTRIC CORPORATION, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC-CIRCUIT-CONTROLLING MECHANISM.

peeiflcatlon of Letters Batent. Patented 'July 16, 1918.

Application fllcd lune 4, 1914. Serial No. 842,948.

. To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jumns B. WA NTZ', a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Iman examination or an X-ray negative, will parent from the following description.

affect the proper action of the tube; and oftentimes so impair it as to render it unfit for immediate or future use. I

Furthermore in the making of X-ray negatives of patients it is desirable, especially in the making of negatives of moving organs of a patient and particularly in the making of stereoscopic negatives, that a succession of exposures be taken of the organ, some times at quick and some times {at predetermined intervals of time, with each exposure of the same length.

My objects are to provide improved means for controlling, in general, the opening and closing of an electric circuit, particularly without objectionable arcing; to provide in connection with circuits of X-ray apparatus means whereby the tube may be caused .to be energized for any desired predetermined lengthof time uninterruptedly or interruptedly with a time interval, or intervals, of/ any desired redetermined length, and which, prefera 1y, will operate automatically to accomplish the above-described operation; and other objects as will be ap- Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a diagrammatic-view of my improved mechanism as adapted for the npenin'g'and closing of a main line circuit of a high potentialtransformer in X-ray apparatus, the opening and closing of which alternately makes and breaks the circuit through the X-ray tube. Fig. 2 is a view in vertical elevation of a solenoid-operated switch controlling the opening and closing of the main line, the front side of the housing containing the operative parts being broken away and one of the solenoid coils being shown in section, this view showing the parts of the switch inthe position they assume when moved to a position for closing the main line. Fig. 3 is a similar view; of certain of the parts shown in Fig. 2, the

mechanism being shown in the position it assumes when operated to break the main line. Fig. 4: is a bottom plan view'of the struc--' ture shown in Fig. 3, a portion thereof being shown in section taken at the line 4 on Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a faceview of mechanism for controlling the energization of the solenoid coils of the switch mechanism shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, the mechanism beingshown in normal position. Fig. 6 is .a, view in side elevation of the structure shown in Fi viewed from the left-hand side of this fig-i ure, with a portion of the casing broken away to disclose interior details. Fig. 7 is a section taken at the line 7 on Fig. 6 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 8 is a section taken at the line'8 on Fig.- 6 and viewed in the direction of the arrow, the mechanism being shown in inoperative position; and Fig. 9, a view similar to Fig. 8. with certain of the parts omitted, showing the parts illustrated, during a portion of the operation of the mechanism, namely, while the driving mechanism is operating to control the .circuitfor actuating the solenoid-operated switch of Figs. 2, 3, and 4.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown my improved mechanism as adapted for controlling the current from a high-potential transformer to an'X-ray tube, this current, in accordance with systems heretofore in common use being wholly manually controlled and failing to fulfil the conditions above pointed out as being desirable. 1 Hlgh otential; transformers and X-ray tubes an the electrical connections therebetween and with the main line, are of such common knowledge that illustration of the same is unnecessary, it being sufiicient to state that, referring to Fig. 1, the main line wires in which the transformer is interposed are re resented at 14 and l5 and my imp'rov means are shown as controlling the making and breaking of this circuit, the

closing ofwhich causes an electrical current to traverse the X-ray tube (not shown) of the .apparatus and the breaking of which breaks the circuit in which the tube is" interposed.

The making and breaking of the circuit through the main line (wires 14 and 15)' is controlled by a switch illustrated in Figs. 2,

3 and 4, the preferred construction of which is as follows: The housing for the operat-. ing parts of. the switch, which preferably are immersed in a bath of oil, is represented at 16, said parts, being supported on a vertically-disposed plate 17 suspended in the housing by spring-armslS, secured attheir upper ends to the top 19 of the housing, as

i 23 secured to the plate 17, whereby for cushioning the blows,

alining solenoid-coils 25 and 26- in which a solenoid-core, or plunger, 27 operates, the

core 27 carries rigid'therewith a cross-arm core 27 being adapted to be shifted to the right and left alternatelyby the alternate energization of the coils 25 and 26. The

28 equipped-at its opposite ends with contact-blades 27 insulated therefrom by washers 27?, each of saidblades extending at, preferably,

and beyond the latter at both sides, to afford contacts 29, 30, 31 and 32, the co ntacts 30v shorter than the contactsgfl9 v and 31 being and 32.

'Secured'to the plate 17 to cotiperate with the contacts 29, 30, 31 and 32, respectively, are contacts 33, 34, 35 and 36, these contacts being arranged to extend in line'with the contacts on the cross-arm 28 and each pref erably formed ofupper and lower spring members so shaped as represented in Fig. 4,

33 and 36 are so arranged that the coiiper asto cause the desired electric contact to be made therewith by the cotiperating' solenoid-actuated contacts described, when thelatter are projected between these springmembers in the reciprocations of the core 27. The contacts 29 and 32 and the contacts ating shiftable contacts 29 and 32 will not disengage therefrom,

core 27 is shifted in either direction, but

the contacts 30 and 31 and 34 and 35 are so.

. arranged that when the core 27 is moved to the ri ht to the position shown in Fig. 2 by energizing the coil 26, the' contact 30. will engage the contact 34, but the contact 31 will disengage the contact 35; and when the core is shifted to the left in Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. 3 by energizingthe coil 25, the last-referred to contacts will engage' Confined between the companion clips 24, are two right angles to the arm 28" serving to normally respectively when. the

and the contacts 30 and 34 will separate, for a purpose'hereinafte'r explained. The cross-arm 28 which is of metal coiiperates with contacts 37 and '38 connected with the main-line wires 14 and 15, respectively, and each is formed of two spring members, as explained of the contacts '33 to 36, inclusive, these'parts being so arranged that when the core',27 is in theposition represented in Fig. 2, the cross-arm 28 will engage the contacts 7 5 37 ai1d38 to close the main-line circuit, but when the core is shifted to the left in this figure to the position shown in Fig. 3, it will disengage therefrom to break the mainline circuit. 4

In accordance with the preferred illustrated embodiment'of my invention, the al-- ternate energization of the coils 25 and 26 for shifting the core 27 to make and break the main-line circuit may be effected autovmatically,-or-by hand, as desired, a description of the automatically operating mechanism for this purpose being as follows:

A housing 39 is provided on its coversection 40 with contacts 41 and 42 arranged in circuit'with the contacts of the solenoid-. operated switch and with other parts, as hereinafter described. Goiiperating with the contacts 41 and 42 are contact-fingers 43 and 44, shown as secured to an oscillating head 45, pivoted, as indicated at 46, to the cover 40.' The parts just described are so arranged that when one of the fingers 43 or 44 is in contact with its coiiperating stationary contact, the othei contact finger will 1 be out of contact with its coiiperating stationary contact, a coiled spring 47, surrounding the pivot 46 and engaging said head,

hold the contact-finger I 43 in engagement with the contact 41. The head 45 is equipped with a spring-arm 48 J having its outer end upwardly deflected as indicated at 49, this deflected end of, the arm 48 extending into the path of movement of mechanism hereinafter described for .op- 1 crating vthe head 45 for actuating the contact-fingers 43 and 44. The finger 48 is actuated for the purpose stated by means of teeth 51 provided on the periphery of a metal -disk 50,-this disk being carried on the outer end of almain shaft 52 journaled in the cover 40 and in a bearing 53. The shaft 52 is operated, for the purpose of rotating the disk 50, through the medium of spring-actuated gear mechanism, the gear 120.

mechanism comprising a gear 54 Journaled on a shaft 55 journaled in the frame 56, 21 ratchet-wheel '57 fixed on the shaft 55 adapt- I ed to engage with a pawl 58 pivoted on the gear 54, as indicated at 59, a spring'60 secured at one end to the shaft 55 and at its other endconnected with the frame 56 as represented at 60 the shaft 55 being adapted to be rotated for winding up the spring by means of a key 61 insert'ible'through an 30 opening 62 in the plate 40, the mechanism just described being that usually employed in clock-movements. The gear 54 is connected with a train of gears formed of the intermeshing gears63 to 69, inclusive, carried by shafts journaled in the frame-work is always in mesh with the gear 64, is'therefore adapted to be moved into and out of mesh with the gear 70 for intermittently driving the shaft 52. The gear 71 is nor- I I mally held out of mesh with the gear 70 -by means of a spring 77 engaging an edge of the plate 74, as represented in Fig. 8, and is moved into mesh with the gear by energizing an electro-magnet 78 which acts on an armature 79 secured to the bar 71, thus swinging the gear 71 to the position illustrated in Fig. 9, the electrical connec tions of the coil 78 being hereinafter described.

In the gear mechanism illustrated. means for controlling the speed at which it is operated are provided, these governing means being similar to those generally employed in clock-movements used as motorsand comprising a'centrifu'gal governor 80 mounted on the shaft 81, which carries the pinion 69, the friction-plate of this governorbeing represented at 82 and adapted to cooperate with a finger 83, pivoted as indicated at 8-1 on a lug 85 on the frame 56. A spring-plate-86 rigid with the boss 76 extends adjacent to one end of the finger 83 beyond the governor 80 and is adapted to limit the swinging movement of the finger 83 and thus determine the speed at which the shaft 81 rotates, the plate 86 being adapted to be adjusted back and forth -relative to the finger 83 for varying the speed at which the shaft 81 rotates by means of a screw-shaft 87 journaled at one end in -the cover' lO beyond which it is provided with a head 87 for operating it, andthreaded at its inner end at 88 in a boss 89 on the frame 56, the shaft 87 being provided with a disk 90 hearing against'the plate 86. Upon turning the shaft 87, the plate 86 is adjusted toward or away from the finger 83, depending upon' the-direction in which the shaft 87 is rotated, for adjusting the plate 86 relative to.

the finger 83 for the purpose stated.

The starting and stopping of the gear mechanism is controlled by a shaft 91, j ournaled in the cover 40 and in a boss 92 on the frame 56, this shaft being provided with "a.laterally-extending spring-fi'nger'93, hearing againsta surface 94 on the finger 83 between stops 95 and 96 on the latter, the sun-' face 94 extending across the pivot 81;v

whereby the finger 83 may be rocked in either direction on the pivot 84, depending upon the direction in which the shaft 91, which carries a finger-wheel 97, is operated. Thus, when the finger 93 is in theposition shown in Fig. 6, it will hold the finger 83 in the position illustrated in Fig. 6, in which the disk 82 is held against rotation by frictional contact with the finger 83 and con sequently the gear mechanism is at rest. When, however, the finger 93 is moved from the position illustrated in Fig. 6 to a position on the opposite side of the pivot 84. it will free the disk-engaging arm of this finger and permit the gear mechanism to operate, it being understood, l1owever."from the foregoing that as this end of the finger 83 cooperates with the plate 86, as hereinbefore stated, the speed at which the gca r mechanism operates is controlled by the ponected with one of the terminals of eachsolenoid coil 25 and 26, and the wire 98 electrically connected with. a switch-arm 100 adapted to be moved into engagement with either of the contacts 101 and 102. One of the terminals of the coilv 78 connects with a wire 103 extending from a switch 10%, the

other contact of. thi's'switch being-connected with a wire 105 connected with the wire 98, the other terminal of the coil 78 being connected with the wire 99 by a wire 106. A

wire 107 connects withthe wire 103 and is electrically connected with the disk 50, a wire 108 being connected at one end with the contact 102 and at its opposite end with the oscillatinghead 45. The contact/11 is connected with the contact 34 by means of a wire 109, and the contact 42 is connected with the contact 35 by means of a wire 110.

The ends of'the windings of the coils 25 and .26 opposite to those connected with the wire 99 are connected, respectively, with the contacts 33 and 36 by wires 111 and 111, re-

spectively. The contact 101 is connected by a wire 114 with the contact 112 of a thr epoint switch diagrammatically illustrated at 113, the other contacts 115 and 116- of the switch 113 being connected with the wires 109 and 110, respectively, the switch diagrammatically illustrated at 113 being ofa common type which operates, when actuated, to electrically connect itscontact 112 I with the contacts 115 and 116'alternately, and preferably remain in engagement with the contact into engagement with which it is moved until again operated to engage the other contact. he apparatus is shown in all of the figures, excepting in Figs. 2 and 74 toward the coil and causes the 9, in normal inoperative position, namely,

with the main circuit represented by the.

wires 14 and 15 open.

To operate the solenoid-actuated switch by the automatic controlling mechanism, the operator first swings/the switch lever 100 into engagement with the contact 102.

' Thereupon he closes the switch 104, which to rotate under the action of the spring 60,

driving the gear 71, which, as hereinbefore stated, is 'out' of mesh with the gear 70 in the normal position of the mechanism. The energizing of 'the coil 78 by closing the switch 104, as abovestated, swings the bar gear -71 to mesh with the gear 70, thus causmg the disk 50 to rotate. As the disk 50 rotates, in

the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1, the teeth 51 are successively carried into engagement' with the deflected end 49 of the arm 48, with theresult of-rocking the head on the pivot 46 to break-the circuit between the contact 41 and finger 43 and close the circuit between the contact 42 and the finger 44, each time a tooth engages the finger 48, it being understood that the finger 44 will remain in engagement with the contact 42 as long as the tooth 51 remains in engagement with the deflected end of the finger 48 and that as soon as the tooth has disengaged from this finger, the spring 47 will immediately return the head 45 to normal position to break the circuit between the contact 42 and finger 44 and close the circuit between the contact 41 and finger 43, as shown in Fig. 5. As soon as one of the teeth 51 engages the finger 48, as stated, and moves the finger 44 into engagement with the contact 42, the following circuit is established: from the wire 98 throughswitch-arm 100,

J contact 102, wire 108, head 45, finger '44,c'ontact 42, wire 110, contacts 35, 31, 32 and 36, wire 111, solenoid-coil 26, and thence to wire 99, thus energizing thecoil 26 which shifts the core 27 to the right in Figs. 1 and 3, carrying the cross-bar 28 into engagement 7 with the contacts 37 and 38 and thereby closing the main circuit, of which the wires 14 and 15 are a part, which energizes the X-ray tube (not shown). The shifting ,of the cross-bar 28 to the right in Fig. 3 as stated, moves the contact-finger 30 into engagement with thecontact34 and-withdraws the contact-finger 31 from engagement with the contact 35, as shown in F g. 2, thus breaking the circuit through the coil 26. As soon as the tooth 51 di'sengages the deflected end of the finger 48, the contact fingers 43 and 44 are automatically returned'to normal position (Fig. 1) as hereinbefore described, thus breakm the circuit at thecontact 42 and closing t e circuit at the contact 41, the

circuit thus established being as follows:

from the wire 98 through switch-arm 100,

contact 102, wire 108, head 45, contact-finger.

43, contact 41, wire 109, contacts 34, 30, 29 and 33, wire 111, solenoid-coil 25, to wire;- 99, thus energizing the coil 25, which operates to return the core 27 and the parts carried thereby to normal position (Fig. 3), which causes the cross-arm 28 to disengage from the contacts 37 and 38, breaking the circuit of which the wires 14 and 15 are a part, which breaks the circuit throughthe X-ray tube (not shown). Shifting the core 27, as

stated, .to the position shown in Fig. 3,'

causes the finger 31 to be moved into engagement with the contact 35 and disenga es the finger 30'from the contact 34, in whic position the apparatus is adapted to. be again 0 erated to close the circuit at the contacts 3 and 38 when another of the teeth 51 "engages the finger 48, as hereinbefore described.

' It will be understood f-rom'the foregoing that each time a tooth 51 engages the finger 48, the circuit in which the X-ray tube is interposed will be closed, remaining closed until the tooth disen ages the finger 48, and being autqmatically roken u on disengagement of the tooth with the nger- 48; and that the disk 50 will continue to rotate to move its teeth 51 successively into and out of engagement with the finger'48 as long as the switch 104 remains closed and the coil 78 energized, deenergizing the coil,7 8 permiting the spring 77 to return the'bar 74 to a position in which the gear 71 is out of mesh with the gear 70. It is desirable that provision be made against the disk 50 stopping in a position wherein one of its teeth 51 engages the finger 48, should the operator open the switch 104 while the tooth .is in engagement Wltll'thlS arm, and in the arrangement illustrated, this is accomplished in the following manner: Y As soon as a tooth 51 engages the finger 48,

the following circuit 1s established: from the wire 98, switch-arm 100, contact 102, wire 108, head 45,-finger 48., disk 50, wire 107, coil 78 wire 106 to wire 99, which thus causes the coil 78 to remain energized, after the switch 104 is opened, as long as a tooth 51 is in engagement with the finger 48, and

therefore the. disk cannot stop its. rotation the same form and equidistantly spaced apart to .cause the main-line circuit to remain closed upon the engagement of each tooth with the finger 48, for the same length of time and the main-line circuit to remain broken during. the intervals of the disengagement of the teeth 51 from the finger 48, for the same length of time, in order that the flashes produced by the energizing of the. X-ray tube shall be of uniform duration with uniform time intervals therebetween. Itis desirable, however, instead of providing one disk 50 and producingvariations in the timing of the operation of the solenoidoperated switcli by varyingthe speed of-the spring-motor; to provide for the variation primarily by the use of disks like the disk 50, excepting that the bearing surfaces on the teeth for engagement with the finger 48 are of different lengths, and the teeth are spaced apart a greater or less distance. In

practice it is desirable that a variety of .the disks 50 be provided with the bearing surfaces of the teeth and their spacing apart such that the proper timing of the solenoidactuated switch'to time the successive energizin s of the X-ray tube. may be effected; thoug 1 if desired, the timing of the'opening and closing of the main-line circuit may be varied by adjusting the speed of the spring motor by using one disk 0111 where it is desired that the time intervals uring which .the'main line circuit is open shall bear the same relation to the periodsduring which fastened to disk 50, slips.

the main-line circuit is closed; and it will be readily understood ,that the feature of providing a plurality of disk's50 with dif V erent arrangement of teeth 51 thereon may,

if desired, be utilized in connection with the feature of adjusting thespeed at which the It will also be understood fromtheforegoing that in the operation of the apparatus k the respective circuits in which the contacts 41 and 42 are interposed are broken by the movement of the solenoid 27 before a break occurs atthe .sald c ta ts, and thus'arcing ofthe current at the contacts 41 and 42 is avoided. v

When it is desired that the solenoid-actuated switch be operated from the hand-operated switch 113, the operatorwill first swing theswitch lever 100 into engagement with the contact 101, and assuming the solenoidactuated switch to be in the position illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, the actuation of the switch 113 will make contact .with the contact 116 and thereby establish'the following circuit: through wire 98, switch-arm 100, contact 101, wire 114, switch 113, wire 118, wire 110,-contacts 35, 31, 32, 36, wire 111, coil'26 to wire 99, which energizes the coil 26, closing the main-line circuit at the contacts 37 and 38, disengaging the contact 31 from the contact 35, and moving the contact 30 into engagement with the contact 34. Upon the next actuation of the switch 113, the contacts 112 and, 115 thereof engage and establish the following circuit: through wire 98, switch 100, contact 101, wire 114, switch113, wire 117, wire 109, contacts 34, 30, 29 and 33, wire 111, coil 25 to wire 99, which thus energizes the coil 25 and returns the core 27 to normal position (Fig. 1) for breaking the circuit at the contacts 37 and 38, disengaging the contact 30 from the contact 34,- and moving the contact 31 into engagement with the contact 35, each time the switch 113 is twice operated the core 27 making a complete reciprocation for opening and closing the main-line circuit. As in the case ofthe automatic mechanism hereinbefore described, the circuits in which the contacts 115 and 116 are interposed are first broken at the contacts operated by. the solenoid coils25 and 26 in order to avoid arcing at the switch 113.

In'addition' to the deslrablefeature of preventing arcing at the switches controlling the actuation of the solenoid-operated switch,

the latter presents the advantage of dispensing with the use of springs for actuating the core in one direction, and by reason of the 'manne'rof supporting the plate 17, the blow of the core 27 when operating in either direction is cushioned.

,- It is desirable in making fluoroscopic ex aminations or X-ray n atives that during the time theX-ray tubeis not energized the room be sufiiciently lighted to permit the operator'and patient to have suflicient vision to enable th'emto move about the room and to make such adjustments of the apparatus used as are desirable, this light however should not be of such character as to cause the pupils of the eyes toreturn to normal undilated condition, as this would temporarily impair-the vision of the operator for making examinations and require that he suspend the examination until his eyes again assumed dilated condition. To furnish sufli cient light for the above purpose which will tion 'with X-ray apparatus,'it will be readily understood that; it may be'used in any other situation wherein the control of an electrical circuit in the manner above described, is desired. Furthermore, various changes and alterations may be made in the apparatus illustrated without departing from the spirit of my invention, itbeing my intention 'to claim 'my invention as broadly ahd fully as the state'of the art will permit. lVhat I regard as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is-' 1. In circuit-controlling mechanism, the

- while the latter is operating.

actuation of said member from said device 3. In circuit-controlling mechanism, the combination of a pair of contacts, a-shiftable contact member movable to alternately engage said contacts, and provided with an; arm, a movable member provided with proljections adapted to be moved successively combination of a pair of contacts, a shiftable contact member movable to alternately engage said'contact's, a movable member pro ed with projections-adapted to be moved successively into engagement withsaid contactmember for actuating the latter out of engagement with one of said contacts and into engagement with the other of said contacts, said projections being relatively abrupt and said contact member operating to return to normal position in which it engages the other of said contactsfafter disengaging from. a projection and opposing lnto engagement with said arm for actuating said contact member out of engagement withone of said contacts and into engagement with the other of said contacts, said proj ections being relatively abruptwith the surface of said movable member at the base of the 'projeotionsso disposed that when said arm opposes said surface said contact mem- 30 her Wlll be in engagement with the other of said contacts, and means operating upon the disengagement of said arm with said.v projections to shift said contact member I lnto said last-referred-to position, a con- 5 stantly operating power device and means for alternately connecting and disconnect ing said member from said power device for controlling the actuation of said member from said device while the latter is operat- 0 In circuit controlling mechanism, the combination of a pair of stationary con- Y .tacts, a movable contact member cooperating with said contacts, a shiftable device for opthe surface of said movable member at'the base of, the projection, a constantly operating power devlce and means for alternately connecting and d' connecting said' member from said power evicedor controlling the actuation of said member from said device while the latter is operating.

2.' In circuit-controlling mechanism, the

erating said movable contact member, means for shlfting said device comprising a gear connected 'withwsaid member, gear-mecha nism, means for operating said gear-mechanism, a. ear constantly in mesh with sai gear-mec anism and shiftable into andmesh with said first-named gear for drivingfthe latter from said gear-mechanism, and means I for shifting said lastnamed gear. 4 v

5. In circuit-controlling mechanism, the

combination of a pair of stationary contacts,

' a movable contact member cooperating with combination of a pair of contacts, a shiftable contact member movable to alternately engage said contacts, a rotatable member provlded with PIOJGOtiOIlS adapted to' be moved successlvely into engagement with said contact member for actuating the latter out of engagement with one of said contacts and into engagementwith the other of said con-- tacts, said proJections belng relatively abrupt and said contact member operating to return to normal position in which it engages the other of said contacts, after disengaging-from a PI'OjGQtlOIl and opposing the surface of said rotatable member at the base of theprojection, a constantly operating power device and means for alternately connecting and dlscolmecting said member first-named said magnet.

6. In circuitacontrollmg mechanism, the 125- said contacts, .a shiftable device for operating said movable contact member, means for shifting said device comprising a'gear connected with said device, gear-mechanism, means for operating said gear-mechanism,v

a pivotally supported arm, a gear journaled J on said arm and adapted when the arm is r swung to one position,- to mesh with said 116 first-named gear and said gear-mechanismf and when swung out of said position'to dison age said gear-mechanism from said lastre erred-to gear, an electromagnet operating when energ1zed'to swing said arm to a 120 rp'osition in which the gear carried thereby, meshes with sald gear-mechanism and said gear, and means for ene'rgizin'g combination of a-contact-operating rotatable -member providedwith projections, a movfrom 'sa d power devicefor controlhng the able contact-device adapted" to be engaged an d actuated by said projections when said member is rotated, and means for rotating said member comprising a power device, an electro-magnet-mechanism Controlling said power mechanism, said power device ope ating upon energizing said magnetto drive said member, means for energizing said n1agnet,-and electrical ineans'for maintaining current throughsaid magnet during the engagement of a projection with said contactdevice, for the purpose set forth.

' 7. In circuit-controlling mechanism, the

'combination of contacts, a shiftable device adapted to alternately engage said contacts, a rotatable member provided withprojections adapted to successively engage said shiftable device for shifting the latter, means for actuating said rotatable member comprising electrically-controlled ower mechanism operating when energizer to drive said rotatable member, and electrical means for maintaining current through said electrically-controlled mechanism while a projection is in engagement with said contactdevice. r

8. In circuit-controlling mechanism, the combination of contacts, a shiftable device adapted-to alternately engage said contacts, a rotatable member provided with projections adapted to successively engage said shift able device for shifting the latter, means for actuating said rotatable member comprising electrically-controlled power mechanism operating when energized to driveisaid rotatable member, and an electrical circuit in which one of said contacts is interposed, for maintaining current thr(mgh said electrically-controlled power mechanism while a projection is in engagement with said con tact-device. j p

9. In circnit-controlling mechanism, the combination of a contact-operating shiftable member provided with projections, a 'contact-device adapted to be engaged by-said projections when said member is shifted, electrically-controlled means for controlling the actuation of said member, and electrical means for insuring the continuation of the movement of said shiftable member to a position in which said contact-device is out of engagement with any of the projections.

10. In circuit-controlling mechanism, the combination of a shiftablemember provided with a plurality of projections, a movable contact device cooperating withsaid projections and adapted to be engaged and .actuated by the latter, and means for shifting saidmember comprising electrically-controlled power mechanism operating when energized to drive said member, means for supplying current to said power mechanism, controllable to vary the extent of movement of said member, and electrical means for maintaining current through said ele'ctriclosed, means adapted to operate said sec 'circuit therewith, and means for shifting said member comprisingelectrically-controlled power mechanism ope 'ating when energized to drive said member, meansior supplying current to said power mechanism, controllable to vary the extent .of movement of said member, and electrical means for maintaining current through said electrically-controlled power mechanism while any of said projections is in engagement with said contact-device.

12. In circuit-controlling mechanism, the combination of a pair of stationary contacts, a contact member pivotally sup )orted between its ends and provided witi contacts at its opposite ends adapted to 00- operate with said stationary contacts, said cont-act member being so disposed that it is in ngagement with one only of said c ntacts at a time, an arm extending from said contact member at an angle thereto, a rotatable member provided with projections adapted to be moved successively into engagement with said arm for actuating said contactmcmber relative to said stationary contacts, a constantly operating power de; vice and means for alternately connecting and disconnecting said rotatable member from said power device forcontrollin the actuation of said member from said evice while the latter isoperating.

13'. In ircuit-controlling mechanism, the combination with a main line circuit, of a switch for openin and closing said circuit,

a pair of electromagnets. one of said magnets when energized moving said swltchto open-posltlon and the other magnet when energized moving said switch to closed osis tion, a second switch having two positions, the normal position closing .the circuit through the magnet which causes said main line switch to be open, and its second'position closing the circuit through the magnet. which causes said-main line switch to be 0nd switch to move it to its said second position, time-operated mechanism to control the movement of'said last-mentioned means, and

manual means to throw said time-mechanism into and out of operation 14. In circuit-controlling mechanismfthe combination with a mam line c1rcu1t,,of a

switch for opening and closing said circuit,

a pair of electromagnets, one of said mag nets when energized moving said switch to open position and the other magnet when energized moving said switch to closed po- I through the magnet which causes said main position, time-operated gearing mechanismto control the movement of sald last-ment1oned means, and manual means to throw sition, a second switch having two positions,

the normal position closing the circuit line switch to be open, and its second posi tion closing the'circuit through the. magnet which causes Said main line switch to be closed, means adapted to operate said second switch to move it to its said second said time-mechanism into and out of operation.

' 15. In circuit-controlling mechanism, the

combination with a main line circuit, of a switch for opening and closing said circuit,

a a pair of'electromagnets, one of said mag- 1 which causes said main line switc nets when energized moving said switch to openposition and-the other magnet when' energized moving said switch to closed posi- 'tion,'asecond switch having two. positions, the normal position closing the circuit through the magnet which causes said main line switch to be open, and it ssecond position closing the circuitthrough the magnet to be I closed, means adapted to operate said second switch to move it to its said second position, time-operated mechanism to control the movement of said last-mentioned means, solenoid actuated. means to throw said time- -mechanism into and out of operation, and manual means for controlling the actuation of saidvsolenoid.

, 16. In circuit-controllin mechanism, the combination with a mainine circuit, of a switch'for opening and closing. said circuit,

.a' pair of electromagnets, one of said magnets when energized moving said switch to open position and the other magnet when energized moving said switchto closed position, a second switch having two positions,

the normal position closing the circuit through the magnet which causes said main line switch to be open, and its second position closing the circuit through the magnet which causes said main line switch to be clo'sed,'means adapted to operate said second andaclosed for any switch to-move it to its said second position,

gear mechanism, means for continuously r0 tating said gear mechanism, a gear driven by said gear mechanism and mounted. to be moved into and out of operative connection with said last mentioned means, and manual means controlling the movement of saidlast mentioned gear into and out of operative relatlon to'sald means.

17. In circuit-controlling mechanism, the

combination withxa main line circuit, of a switch for opening and los ng said circuit, a pair of; electromagnets, one of said magnets when energized moving said switch to open position and the other ma net when energized moving said switch to c osed posi- "tion, a second switch having two positions,

the normal position closing the circuit through the magnet which causes said mainline switch to be opn, and its second position closing the cir it through the magnet which causes said main-line switch to be closed, a rotatable member provided with projectionswhich are engaged by said secondswitch in the rotation of said member 7 18. In circu t-controlling mechanism, the

combination with a main line circuit, of

switch mechanism for opening and closing ating to cause said switch to be intermittently openedand closed, the perlods during which the switch is open being of the same length,

and manual-controlled means controlling the.

actuation "of said second-named mechanism to capse the switch'to be alternately opened desired number of periods at the will of the operator.

JULIUS B. wAN'rz. In presence.of-

A. C. Frsomm, F. A. From,

' said circuit, time-controlled mechanism oper- 

